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Joseph Henry Banks
Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Henry Banks (1843–1916) was the British Commandant and instructor of the Auckland Militia through whose capacity the first six of the ten contingents of the New Zealand Mounted Rifles were raised and trained for overseas combat in the Boer Wars, becoming the core of the modern New Zealand Army.
== Military background ==
Born 10 May 1843, at Corfu, where his father, William Henry Banks (1817–1880), was then billeted with the Royal Artillery. His mother, Ann Anderson, was formerly a seamstress of Carlisle, Cumbria.
His father was a remarkable soldier, and one of only a handful of 19th century soldiers to have received a commission from the ranks on raw ability. In November 1854, William Banks was Sergeant-Major of Field Battery 'H' with the Royal Artillery, then engaged at the Battle of Inkerman where he had his horse shot from under him. Following the battle, Brigadier-General Sir Richard Dacres, sanctioned by Field-Marshal Lord Raglan, recommended him for a commission arising from an act of "distinguished conduct in the field". This was approved by Horse Guards in May 1855, when he was raised to the rank of Lieutenant, without purchase. Having started his career in 1838 as a Gunner, William Banks rose to Brevet Major and was retired on full pay in 1872 with the honorary rank of Lt. Colonel, 97th Regiment of Foot – a considerable achievement for the time.
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